Biodegradation effects of five species of isolated Cyanobacteria from oil contaminated areas of the southern part of Iran

Microorganisms can be used in order to break down and clean any type of a specific class of compounds which are found in petroleum and its related products. In this study, the rate of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by five isolated cyanobacteria from oil polluted region of south part of Iran has been studied. These include Anabaena ISC55 ، Nostoc ISC26، Nostoc ISC32 ، Phormidium ISC24 and Leptolyngbya ISC25 ,that after growth in the specific growth medium and subsequently cultured in BG-11, was aerated for 28 days in the presence of crude oil .The amount of remained residual hydrocarbons before and after this period and the altering of expressed proteins were analyzed by GC method and SDS-PAGE , respectively. The presence of cyp110A2 gene that belong to monooxygenase P450 enzyme family was analyzed by PCR method. The results showed that the total amount of hydrocarbons remained in mentioned species were, 11.16 %, 41.46 %, 84.45%, 13.38% and 98.44% respectively. Changes in protein expression were clearly detected in all species, too. In addition, PCR results indicate the presence of cyp110A2 gene only in Anabaena ISC5 and Phormidium ISC24 .We concluded all five samples are appropriate candidates for biodegradation of crude oil specially Anabaena ISC55 and Phormidium ISC24 that showed the best results.